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Understanding Sunscreens: The Key to Protecting Your Skin Every Day

– by Livia

Wear sunscreen every day.

You’ve heard it a thousand times. But standing in front of rows of bottles at the store, each promising different benefits and protection levels, you might wonder — what’s the real difference between all these options? Which one will keep my skin safe without causing other concerns? And how can I use it most effectively?

Let’s clear up the confusion and help you make better choices about sun protection.

Chemical vs. Physical Sunscreens: Which Should I Use?
One of the biggest choices you face when selecting sunscreen is choosing a chemical or physical formula. Here’s a breakdown of each option:

Chemical Sunscreens
Chemical sunscreens act like sponges. When UV light hits your skin, these formulas absorb the rays and convert them into heat that dissipates before it can cause damage. Chemical filters like avobenzone and oxybenzone protect against both UVA and UVB rays, and they typically blend into skin without leaving a white cast.

However, these ingredients have sparked some debate in recent years. Research suggests that chemical filters can be absorbed into your skin and even into your bloodstream. Though scientists are still studying whether this poses any serious health concerns, you may not want to take the risk. Some people also find that chemical sunscreens irritate sensitive skin.

Physical Sunscreens
Physical (mineral) sunscreens work more like shields. They create a physical barrier on your skin that reflects UV light away before it can cause damage. The two main ingredients you’ll find in mineral formulas are zinc oxide and titanium dioxide.

What makes mineral sunscreens different? They:

In the past, one of the main drawbacks of mineral sunscreens was that they often left a noticeable white cast on the skin. Thankfully, advancements in formulation have led to the development of many cosmetically elegant options that blend seamlessly without leaving any residue. At The Ottawa Clinic, we are proud to offer over 10 different types of mineral sunscreens, ensuring that we can help you find the perfect match for your preferences.

Why More People Are Choosing Mineral Sunscreens
Beyond the basic sun protection factor, mineral sunscreens offer many compelling benefits:

Gentle Protection for Sensitive Skin
If you have sensitive skin, rosacea or are prone to breakouts, mineral sunscreens might be your best bet. Zinc oxide, in particular, has natural anti-inflammatory properties that can actually help calm irritated skin.

Environmental Considerations
Chemical sunscreens have been linked to coral reef damage, leading some destinations to ban certain ingredients. Mineral sunscreens are generally considered reef-safe, making them a more environmentally conscious choice.

Safe for Everyone
Whether you’re pregnant, nursing, or shopping for the whole family, mineral sunscreens are widely considered safe for all ages and conditions. Even babies can use mineral sunscreen (though keeping them out of the sun entirely is best for the first six months).

Should I Worry About Chemical Sunscreen Warnings?
While chemical sunscreens may offer effective protection, there are concerns regarding their safety. Ingredients like oxybenzone and avobenzone have been shown to cause harm to both human health and the environment. Some risks associated with these ingredients include:

As awareness of these dangers grows, more people are opting for mineral sunscreens, which are safer for both the body and the planet.

Sunscreen Application Tips: How to Use Sunscreen Effectively
The best sunscreen in the world won’t help if you’re not using it correctly. Here’s how to get the most out of your sun protection:

Apply the Right Amount
Most people don’t use nearly enough sunscreen. For your face and neck alone, you need about ¼-½ teaspoon for effective coverage. For your full body, you need one ounce (about a shot glass full).

Don’t Forget These Spots
Pay special attention to these commonly missed areas:

Layer Correctly
Apply sunscreen last in your skincare routine, right before makeup. If you’re using a chemical sunscreen, apply it 15-20 minutes before sun exposure so it has time to take effect. Mineral sunscreens start working right away.

Reapply Regularly
Did you know that SPF is not a guarantee of all-day protection? The SPF number only indicates the level of UVB protection. Even if you’re using a high-SPF sunscreen, you still need to reapply every two hours to maintain its effectiveness (or more often if you’re swimming or sweating).

Think Beyond Sunscreen
Wear accessories like hats and sunglasses, especially on hot days. Consider investing in sun protective clothing. Don’t forget to seek shade whenever possible, particularly during peak sun hours. Every step compounds to keep you safer from sunburn, premature aging and skin cancer.

Five Common Sunscreen Myths Debunked
There are a lot of misconceptions when it comes to sunscreen. Let’s clear a few of them up:

Myth #1: “I don’t need sunscreen if I’m not going outside.”
Fact: UV rays can penetrate windows, so even if you’re indoors, you’re still at risk. Make sunscreen a part of your daily routine no matter where you are.

Myth #2: “I won’t get enough vitamin D from the sun without sunscreen.”
Fact: Sunlight does help produce vitamin D, but you don’t need to expose yourself to harmful UV radiation to get it. Foods and supplements are a safe alternative.

Myth #3: “Higher SPF means better protection.”
Fact: While higher SPF offers slightly more protection, the difference is minimal. SPF 30 blocks 97% of UVB rays, while SPF 50 blocks 98%. The key is to reapply sunscreen consistently, not just pick the highest SPF number.

Myth #4: “Having a base tan protects me from sun damage.”
Fact: There’s no such thing as a safe tan. Any color change in your skin is a sign of sun damage. The only reliable way to protect your skin is to consistently use sunscreen with an adequate SPF level.

Myth #5: “I don’t need sunscreen on cloudy days.”
Fact: Up to 80% of UV rays can penetrate clouds. Rain or shine, if it’s daylight, you need protection.

Make Sunscreen a Priority for a Lifetime of Skin Health
High-quality sunscreen and a consistent routine are two of the most powerful tools you have to protect your skin’s appearance and its health. Mineral sunscreens with zinc oxide are the safest and most effective option, offering broad-spectrum protection without the potential risks associated with chemical ingredients.

Looking for specific product recommendations? Meet with one of our skincare specialists to find the perfect sunscreen for your unique needs. Call The Ottawa Clinic at 613-232-7777 or contact us here to schedule your appointment.